高中英語寫作訓練淺談(編輯修改稿)

　

【文章內容簡介】 練要求逐年提高，訓練水平應成螺旋式上升。例一：訓練“造句”能力以“advice”一詞為例，可按以下步驟進行訓練：１）重復課文中句子。體會新詞、詞組、句型的含義和用法。讓學生說出或寫出課文中句子。In one of his books,Marx gave some advice on how to learn a for（１）（２）（３）eign ）要求學生改變劃線的某一部分或某幾部分。學生可能造出下面的句子：* In one of his books,Lenin gave some advice on how tolearn a for eign language.* In class,our English teacher gave some advice on how to learn aforeign languag e.* At the meeting,he gave some advice on how to improve our ）教師可將課文中的句子稍加變化，讓學生進一步體會新內容，繼續模仿造句。* Hegave a piece of advice on our work.* The old worker gave me much good ，讓學生了解advice是不可數名詞。４）還可給一些與advice搭配的其它詞組，讓學生模仿造句。如：take one39。s advice 接受某人的建議do(act)on one39。s advice 按某人建議去做５）進而介紹advice的動詞形式為advise，并讓學生模仿造句。* The doctor advised myfather to stop smoking.* She advised me to wear my best clothes in the ：訓練寫短文以學習《新概念英語》第二冊第一課為例１）要求學生聽寫或復述課文內容A Private ConversationLast week I went to the had a very good playwas very did no t enjoy young man and a young woman were sitting behind were talking got v ery not hear the turned looked at the man and thewoman y didn39。t pay any the end,I could not bear turned round again.“I can39。t hear a word!”I said angrily.“It39。s none of your business,”theyoung man said rudely.“This is a priva te conversation!”２）要求學生改變或部分改變短文中的“人稱”、“地點”、“時間”，寫一篇故事情節新的短文。Last Sunday I went to the had a very good filmwas very I d idn39。t enjoy young men were sitting in front of were talking loudly and couldn39。t hear the actors and then I began to didn39。t pay any attentionto the end ,I couldn39。t bear said to them,“No smoking hereand keep quiet please.”One of them turned r ound and said rudely,“It39。s none of yourbusiness!”劃線部分為學生改變了的部分３）教師給出文中若干重點詞、詞組、句型讓學生結合自己的思想和生活實際寫一篇新短文。①enjoy ②get angry ③pay attention to④bear ⑤rudely ⑥It39。s none of your the ReadingroomOne afternoon,I went to the borrowed a new wasvery enjoyed i t very I was reading it in the readingroom,a boy came in and sat beside was re ading couldn39。t put my heart into the I got very said tohim ,“Please kee p silent.”But he didn39。t pay any awhile,I couldn39。t bear it any said to hi m,“Don39。t read aloud!This is not in your home,but a readingroom.”The boy looked at me angrily and said rudely,“It39。s none of your businessI39。m reading to myself.”學生不僅可用原文中新學的語言知識（劃線部分），還可用學過的舊知識（共１０處）。２．將聽、說、讀、寫訓練有機地結合學習語言的途徑主要是“模仿”而不是“創造”。人們常常首先是通過“聽”和“讀”來吸收語言知識，從而了解別人的思想；再通過“說”和“寫”的方式表達自己的思想，達到讓別人了解的目的。所以我們在訓 練學生寫作能力時，注意與訓練聽、說、讀能力結合起來進行。我們常對學生說：Nothingshould be read orspoken before it has been should bewritten before it has been read or：１）聽：２－３遍。２）說：回答理解性問題（檢驗聽的效果，做單句“說”的訓練）。３）讀：準確了解所聽內容，深入理解文中重點語言知識及用法。４）說：①復述：連貫性“說”的訓練，完整地重復別人的話，進行語言模仿；②自由表達：用學到的語言知識重新組合，表達自己的思想。（值日生報告、自由談話、討論都是很好的 形式）。５）寫：把自己所說的話準確地用文字記錄下來。３．寫作訓練貫穿整個課文教學的各個環節，訓練方式應多種多樣。可分以下四個階段：１）